Causative Verbs
Jack had his house painted.
This sentence is similar in meaning to: Someone painted Jack's house. OR Jack's house was painted by someone. Causative verbs express the idea of someone causing something to take place. Causative verbs can be similar in meaning to passive verbs.
Examples:
My hair was cut. (passive)
I had my hair cut. (causative)
Both 'make' and 'have' can be used as causative verbs.
Make
'Make' as a causative verb expresses the idea that the person requires another person to do something.
Construction Chart
Subject + Make + Person + Base Form of Verb
Examples:
Peter made her do her homework.
The teacher made the students stay after class.
Have
'Have' as a causative verb expresses the idea that the person wants something to be done for them. This causative verb is often used when speaking about various services. There are two forms of the causative verb 'have'.
Construction Chart: Use 1
Subject + Have + Person + Base Form of Verb
Examples:
They had John arrive early.
She had her children cook dinner for her.
Construction Chart: Use 2 Subject + Have + Object + Past Participle
Examples:
I had my hair cut last Saturday.
She had the car washed at the weekend.
Note: This form is similar in meaning to the passive.
The causative verb 'have' expresses the idea that the person causing the event chooses to do so. This causative verb is often used when speaking about various services. There are two forms of the causative verb 'have'
Example Sentences
I had my car washed last weekend.
They had the documents reviewed by a number of lawyers.
Causative form
Quando queremos dizer que mandamos alguém fazer algo, ou seja, alguém faz algo por nós, usamos o que é chamado de causative form. Veja alguns exemplos em português:
Mandei pintar meu quarto.
Você já mandou lavar seu carro?
O prefeito mandou construir uma nova escola.
O verbo mandar nesses casos não tem o significado de “ordenar”, nem de “enviar”. Usamos o verbo to have e o particiípio passado do verbo para fazer tal estrutura. Veja como ficam os exemplos acima.
I had my bedroom painted.
Have you had your car washed yet?
The mayor had a new school built.
A estrutura é sujeito + have + objeto + verbo no particípio passado. Mais alguns exemplos:
She’s having a new dress made for the party. – Ela vai mandar fazer um vestido novo para a festa.
Your watch was broken. Did you have it repaired? – Seu relógio estava quebrado. Você mandou consertar?
Do you usually have your shoes shined? – Você geralmente manda engraxar seus sapatos?
Todas as frases acima também podem ser usadas com o verbo to GET
I got my bedroom painted.
Have you gotten your car washed yet?
The mayor got a new school built.
She’s getting a new dress made for the party.
Your watch was broken. Did you get it repaired?
Do you usually get your shoes shined?
Quando mencionamos a quem mandamos fazer algo, temos duas possibilidades.
1. Usamos o verbo to tell + infinitivo com to.
I told the mechanic to fix my car. – Mandei o mecânico consertar meu carro.
Tell your secretary to type the letter. – Mande sua secretária digitar a carta.
2. Também usamos os verbos have e get. Quando usamos o verbo have, não acrescentamos o infinitivo com to. Quando usamos o get, usamos o infinitivo com to. Alguns exemplos:
I’ll have the secretary type the letters. – Mandarei a secretária digitar as cartas.
I’ll get the secretary to type the letters. – Mandarei a secretária digitar as cartas.
I had the secretary type the letters. – Mandei a secretária digitar as cartas.
I got the secretary to type the letters. – Mandei a secretária digitar as cartas.
A expressão get somebody to do something também é usada quando convencemos alguém a fazer algo.
She got him to do her homework for her. – Ela fez com que ele fizesse a tarefa para ela.
Form
Have + object + verb 3 (past participle) - have something done
Have + object + infinitive -- have someone do something
Meaning
We use causative when arranging for someone to do something for us.
They had their car repaired. (They arranged for someone to repair it)
Compare: They repaired their car. (They did it themselves)
I had my hair cut yesterday. (I went to the hairdresser)
Compare: I cut my hair yesterday. (I cut it myself)
We use causative when someone does something to us.
Bill had his money stolen.
We can use have someone do something to talk about giving instructions or orders (more common in American English).
I had my assistant type the report.
I'll have my lawyer look into it.
Additional points
Get is possible instead of have, usually in informal spoken English.
I'm going to get my car fixed tomorrow.
Let / Make / Have / Get
The following is a mini-tutorial on the use of the causative verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get." After you have studied the tutorial, complete the associated exercises. If you already know how to use these verbs, you can skip the explanation and go directly to the exercises.
Let
[let + person + verb]
This construction means "to allow someone to do something."
Examples:
John let me drive his new car.
Will your parents let you go to the party?
I don't know if my boss will let me take the day off.
Make
[make + person + verb]
This construction means "to force someone to do something."
Examples:
My teacher made me apologize for what I had said.
Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat?
She made her children do their homework.
Have
[have + person + verb]
This construction means "to give someone the responsibility to do something."
Examples:
Dr. Smith had his nurse take the patient's temperature.
Please have your secretary fax me the information.
I had the mechanic check the brakes.
Get
[get + person + to + verb]
This construction usually means "to convince to do something" or "to trick someone into doing something."
Examples:
Susie got her son to take the medicine even though it tasted terrible.
How can parents get their children to read more?
The government TV commercials are trying to get people to stop smoking.
Get vs. Have
Sometimes "get someone to do something" is interchangeable with "have someone do something," but these expressions do not mean exactly the same thing.
Examples:
I got the mechanic to check my brakes.
At first the mechanic didn't think it was necessary, but I convinced him to check the brakes.
I had the mechanic check my brakes.
I asked the mechanic to check the brakes.
Regards,
Fabricio Santos
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